Bodies in Context: Power Poses

Cesario & McDonald (2013) conducted a study titled "Bodies in Context: Power Poses as a Manipulation of Perceived and Actual Dominance." This research aimed to investigate the effects of adopting expansive "power poses" on individuals' perceptions of dominance and their actual behavior.

In the experiment, participants were randomly assigned to either adopt high-power poses (e.g., expansive, open postures) or low-power poses (e.g., constricted, closed postures) for a brief period. After adopting the poses, participants engaged in tasks designed to measure their perceived and actual dominance.

The study found that participants who adopted high-power poses reported feeling more powerful and dominant compared to those who adopted low-power poses. Furthermore, participants in the high-power pose condition exhibited behaviors associated with increased dominance, such as taking more risks and having higher testosterone levels.

Impacts:

1. Understanding the Influence of Body Language on Behavior:

   • Cesario & McDonald's study contributed to our understanding of the relationship between body language and behavior. It demonstrated that adopting expansive, high-power poses can lead to changes in both individuals' perceptions of themselves and their actual behavior.

   • The study highlighted the role of embodied cognition, showing that changes in body posture can influence psychological processes and behavioral outcomes.

2. Relevance to Social Psychology and Power Dynamics:

   • The findings of the study have implications for social psychology, particularly in understanding power dynamics and social influence. Power poses may serve as nonverbal cues that signal dominance and influence social interactions.

   • Understanding the effects of power poses can inform research on social hierarchies, leadership, and interpersonal relationships, shedding light on the mechanisms through which power is established and maintained.

3. Practical Applications in Personal and Professional Settings:

   • The study has practical implications for individuals seeking to enhance their confidence and presence in personal and professional settings. Adopting high-power poses before important meetings or presentations may help individuals feel more confident and assertive.

   • Organizations can incorporate knowledge of power poses into training programs and leadership development initiatives, teaching individuals how to use body language to convey authority and influence.

4. Continued Research:

   • Cesario & McDonald's study stimulated further research into the effects of body language on psychological processes and behavior. Subsequent studies have explored additional factors that influence the effectiveness of power poses, such as individual differences, cultural factors, and situational contexts.

   • Researchers continue to investigate the underlying mechanisms of power poses and their application in various domains, including psychology, communication, and performance enhancement.

In summary, Cesario & McDonald (2013) made significant contributions to our understanding of the effects of power poses on perceived and actual dominance. Their study has practical implications for personal and professional development, highlighting the importance of body language in shaping psychological states and behavior.